What is a to z in numbers - Output. * is not an alphabet. In Java, the char variable stores the ASCII value of a character (number between 0 and 127) rather than the character itself. The ASCII value of lowercase alphabets are from 97 to 122. And, the ASCII value of uppercase alphabets are from 65 to 90. That is, alphabet a is stored as 97 and alphabet z is stored as 122.

 
Group axioms. It is a straightforward exercise to show that, under multiplication, the set of congruence classes modulo n that are coprime to n satisfy the axioms for an abelian group.. Indeed, a is coprime to n if and only if gcd(a, n) = 1.Integers in the same congruence class a ≡ b (mod n) satisfy gcd(a, n) = gcd(b, n), hence one is coprime to n if and only if the other is.. Kansas versus howard

A complex number is the sum of a real number and an imaginary number. A complex number is of the form a + ib and is usually represented by z. Here both a and b are real numbers. The value 'a' is called the real part which is denoted by Re (z), and 'b' is called the imaginary part Im (z). Also, ib is called an imaginary number.A-Z numbers Reduced to single numbers is the system. 13 33 13 3 2- 19=13 C B S 3 14 14 =3+1+4+1+4=13 C N N 3 9 1=3+9+1=13 C I A (Central Intelligence Agency ) 4 8 …It is the small number written to the top right of a number in mathematics. Shows the number of times to multiply a number by itself. Indices is the plural of index. Example. in 3 2, the index is 2, so 3 2 = 3 × 3 = 9; in 5 3, the index is 3, so 5 3 = 5 × 5 × 5 = 125Find the atomic number (Z) and mass number (A). They are equal to 11 and 23, respectively. Calculate numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons by using mathematical expressions (1-3): p = 11 (1) n = 23 - 11 = 12 (2) e = 11 - 0 = 11 (3) Alternatively, you can also calculate the atomic number, atomic mass, and charge. Choose your element.Critical value (z*) for a given confidence level. If we want to be 95% confident, we need to build a confidence interval that extends about 2 standard errors above and below our estimate. More precisely, it's actually 1.96 standard errors. This is called a critical value (z*). We can calculate a critical value z* for any given confidence level ... Step 2) 9 1 8 3 3 1 9 5 7 8. Step 3) Adding up all the numbers. 9 + 1 + 8 + 3 + 3 + 1 + 9 + 5 + 7 + 8. Step 4) Find the sum using pen or pencil or a calculator, get the last two-digit number 54. This is what you will get after adding all …Yes, though if you're choosing just one letter that doesn't make a difference Furthermore, you may want 5 unique letters - the OP didn't specify, and both random.choice and random.randint return a single value. You can also use numpy.random.choice to give a unique set if you add replace=False, like so: …Some sets are commonly used. N : the set of all natural numbers. Z : the set of all integers. Q : the set of all rational numbers. R : the set of real numbers. Z+ : the set of positive integers. Q+ : the set of positive rational numbers. R+ : the set of positive real numbers.N = Natural numbers (all positive integers starting from 1. (1,2,3....inf) z = integers ( all integers positive and negative ( -inf, ..., -2,-1,0,1,2....inf) See eNotes Ad-Free What is Z-Number. Z-number associated with an uncertain variable X as an ordered pair of fuzzy numbers (A,B) where A represents a value of the variable and B represents an idea of certainty.Or you can take the value on the z-Table of the positive Z-Score and subtract it from 1. Example: Z-Score = -1.20, Z-Table for +1.20 = 0.8849 1-0.8849 = 0.1151. That is the same as if you look at the Z-Table for values with negative Z-Scores.Two positive integers a and b can be written as a = x3 y2 and b = xy3, where x and y are prime numbers. Find HCF(a, b) and LCM(a, b). Q. If two positive integers a and b are written as a = x 3 y 2 and b = x y 3; x, y are prime numbers, then H C F (a, b) is. Q. Q.Here are 9 slang terms they're using, and what they actually mean. Aimee Pearcy. Gen Alphas are beginning to develop their own slang words. Daniel Llao Calvet / Getty Images. Gen Alpha is extremely online, and they are already beginning to develop their own slang. These terms have been heavily influenced by Gen Z, memes, streamers, and video games.You want to find the probability that SAT scores in your sample exceed 1380. To standardize your data, you first find the z score for 1380. The z score tells you how many standard deviations away 1380 is from the mean. Step 1: Subtract the mean from the x value. x = 1380. M = 1150. x – M = 1380 − 1150 = 230.a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z. The remaining twenty-one letters are ...a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z. The remaining twenty-one letters are ...The distribution for z is the standard normal distribution; it has a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1. For Ha: p ≠ 26, the P-value would be P (z ≤ -1.83) + P (z ≥ 1.83) = 2 * P (z ≤ -1.83). Regardless of Ha, z = (p̂ - p0) / sqrt (p0 * (1 - p0) / n), where z gives the number of standard deviations p̂ is from p0. ( 4 votes)A number is a mathematical object used to count, measure, and label. ... Z also written . Here the letter Z comes from German Zahl 'number'. The set of integers forms a ring with the operations addition and multiplication. The natural numbers form a subset of the integers. As there is no common ...Here are three steps to follow to create a real number line. Draw a horizontal line. Mark the origin. Choose any point on the line and label it 0. This point is called the origin. Choose a convenient length. Starting at 0, mark this length off in both direc­tions, being careful to make the lengths about the same size.The above types of numbers can be split up into discrete or continuous numbers. The first four of the above ( N, W, Z and Q) are referred to as discrete. This means that they are separate and distinct entities. In fact each of these sets is countable.The last set, ( R ), cannot be counted. This is because they are continuous. Jul 15, 2011 · A Z-number is an ordered pair of fuzzy numbers, (A, B). For simplicity, A and B are assumed to be trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. A Z-number is associated with a real-valued uncertain variable, X, with the first component, A, playing the role of a fuzzy restriction, R(X), on the values which X can take, written as X is A, where A is a fuzzy set ... Oct 6, 2023 · Using a z-score table to calculate the proportion (%) of the SND to the left of the z-score. The corresponding area is 0.8621, which translates into 86.21% of the standard normal distribution being below (or to the left) of the z-score. To find the p-value, subtract this from 1 (which gives you 0.1379), then multiply by 2 (which gives you p = 0 ... Complex conjugates give us another way to interpret reciprocals. You can easily check that a complex number z = x + yi times its conjugate x – yi is the square of its absolute value | z | 2 . Therefore, 1/ z is the conjugate of z divided by the square of its absolute value | z | 2 . In the figure, you can see that 1/| z | and the conjugate of ... 5 Mar 2021 ... The notion of a Z-number introduced by Zadeh [15] is described by a fuzzy number and its reliability measure to strengthen the reliability of ...What does Z stand for chemistry? The atomic number or nuclear charge number (symbol Z) of a chemical element is the charge number of an atomic nucleus. For ordinary nuclei, this is equal to the proton number (np) or the number of protons found in the nucleus for every atom of that element.The fastest way to sort alphabetically in Excel is this: Select any cell in the column you want to sort. On the Data tab, in the Sort and Filter group, click either A-Z to sort ascending or Z-A to sort descending. Done! The same buttons can also be accessed from Home tab > Editing group > Sort and Filter :A z-score in Excel can quickly be calculated using a basic formula. The formula for calculating a z-score is . z = (x-μ) / σ, where μ is the population mean and σ is the population standard deviation. Note: if you don’t know the population standard deviation or the sample size is below 6, you should use a t-score instead of a z-score. Alphabetic characters: Alphanumeric characters are made up of the 26 letters of the alphabet (A through Z) and the digits 0 through 9. So, 1, 2, q, f, m, p, and 10 are all examples of letters and numbers. Alphanumeric characters also include characters like *, &, and @. You can also use more than one of these characters together. 1 Answer. Sorted by: 17. Most often, one sees Zn Z n used to denote the integers modulo n n, represented by Zn = {0, 1, 2, ⋯, n − 1} Z n = { 0, 1, 2, ⋯, n − 1 }: the non-negative integers less than n n. So this correlates with the set you discuss, in that we have a set of n n elements, but here, we start at n = 0 n = 0 and increment ...^ : start of string [ : beginning of character group a-z : any lowercase letter A-Z : any uppercase letter 0-9 : any digit _ : underscore ] : end of character group * : zero or more of the given characters $ : end of string If you don't want to allow empty strings, use + instead of *.z is the standard score or Z-score, x is the raw score to be standardized, μ is the mean of the population, σ is the standard deviation of the population. Z-Score Calculation Example. The mean of a dataset is 20 and the standard deviation is 7. Find the z-score for a value of 6. x = 6, μ = 20, σ = 7. z = (6 - 20) / 7. z = -14 / 7 = -2. z = -213 Feb 2023 ... The corresponding number to the letter is called it's ordinal. American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) provides an ordinal ...CHALDEAN NUMEROLOGY CHART (improved) ; F = 8, G = 3, H = 8 ; K = 2, L = 3, M = 4 ; P = 8, Q = 1, R = 2 ; U = 6, V = 6, W = 6 ; Z = 7 ...Publication Order of A to Z Mysteries Super Edition Books. Detective Camp. (2006) Hardcover Paperback Kindle. Mayflower Treasure Hunt. (2007) Hardcover Paperback Kindle. White House White-out. (2008)t: (356) 2731-9555. m: (356) 7731-9002. Click here to check our opening times. We’re here to help and answer any question you might have. We look forward to hearing from you! Contact us via our website or visit one of our outlets in Msida, Attard or Pavi.When the set of negative numbers is combined with the set of natural numbers (including 0), the result is defined as the set of integers, Z also written . Here the letter Z comes from German Zahl 'number'. The set of integers forms a ring with the operations addition and multiplication.A Z-number is an ordered pair Z = ( A, B) of fuzzy numbers A and B used to describe a value of a random variable X, where A is an imprecise estimation of a value of X and B is an imprecise estimation of reliability of A. The main critical problem that naturally arises in processing Z-numbers-based information is computation with Z-numbers.AboutTranscript. Functions assign outputs to inputs. The domain of a function is the set of all possible inputs for the function. For example, the domain of f (x)=x² is all real numbers, and the domain of g (x)=1/x is all real numbers except for x=0. We can also define special functions whose domains are more limited. Integers are sometimes split into 3 subsets, Z + , Z - and 0. Z + is the set of all positive integers (1, 2, 3, ...), while Z - is the set of all negative integers (..., -3, -2, -1). Zero is not included in either of these sets . Z nonneg is the set of all positive integers including 0, while Z nonpos is the set of all negative integers ... Step 2) 9 1 8 3 3 1 9 5 7 8. Step 3) Adding up all the numbers. 9 + 1 + 8 + 3 + 3 + 1 + 9 + 5 + 7 + 8. Step 4) Find the sum using pen or pencil or a calculator, get the last two-digit number 54. This is what you will get after adding all …Q is the set of rational numbers, ie. represented by a fraction a/b with a belonging to Z and b belonging to Z * (excluding division by 0). Example: 1/3, -4/1, 17/34, 1/123456789 ∈Q ∈ Q. The set Q is included in sets R and C. Sets N, Z and D are included in the set Q (because all these numbers can be written in fraction).Jun 5, 2023 · Find the atomic number (Z) and mass number (A). They are equal to 11 and 23, respectively. Calculate numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons by using mathematical expressions (1-3): p = 11 (1) n = 23 - 11 = 12 (2) e = 11 - 0 = 11 (3) Alternatively, you can also calculate the atomic number, atomic mass, and charge. Choose your element. Inverse Z table: Calculates the Z score based on the less than or greater than probabilities. α - contains the probability. Z α - the Z-value where p (x ≤ Z α) = α, critical value of the left-tailed test. Z 1-α - the Z-value where p (x ≥ Z 1-α) = α, critical value of the right-tailed test. Z α/2 - the Z-value where p (x ≤ Z α/2 ...Publication Order of A to Z Mysteries Super Edition Books. Detective Camp. (2006) Hardcover Paperback Kindle. Mayflower Treasure Hunt. (2007) Hardcover Paperback Kindle. White House White-out. (2008)Are you looking for information about an unknown phone number? A free number search can help you get the information you need. With a free number search, you can quickly and easily find out who is behind a phone number, as well as other imp...Measures 16.52 x 7.19 x 0.69 cm when unfolded and 8.49 x 7.19 x 1.59 ~ 1.71 cm when folded. Measured diagonally, Galaxy Z Flip4’s Main Screen size is 17.03cm (6.7") in the full rectangle and 16.64cm (6.6") with accounting for the rounded corners; actual viewable area is less due to the rounded corners and camera hole.Jun 24, 2021 · Replied on June 24, 2021. Report abuse. In reply to GroverParkGeorge's post on June 24, 2021. So the column below "Open" is what changed from being able to sort "smallest to largest" and "largest to smallest" As you can see it now only gives the option of sorting "A to Z" and "Z" to "A" . Note: This "Open" column only contains numbers no letters. ... z, ⠵, 1356. Braille Numbers—Internationally Standardised. Numbers use the same ... Note:When indicating numbers the number sign should be placed before braille ...Schem, a 21-year-old French-Israeli woman, is being held hostage by the militant group Hamas in the Gaza Strip. The video released by Hamas on Monday is the …Subsets of real numbers. Last updated at May 29, 2023 by Teachoo. We saw that some common sets are numbers. N : the set of all natural numbers. Z : the set of all integers. Q : the set of all rational numbers. T : the set of irrational numbers. R : the set of real numbers. Let us check all the sets one by one.The letters R, Q, N, and Z refers to a set of numbers such that: R = real numbers includes all real number [-inf, inf] Q= rational numbers ( numbers written as ratio)Z Table. The table below shows the area under the standard normal curve to the left of z. Related: How to use the Z Table (With Examples) Published by Zach. View all posts by Zach Post navigation. Prev F Distribution Table. Next t-Distribution Table. Leave a Reply Cancel reply.Click here👆to get an answer to your question ️ The locus represented by |z - 1| = |z + i| isQ is the set of rational numbers, ie. represented by a fraction a/b with a belonging to Z and b belonging to Z * (excluding division by 0). Example: 1/3, -4/1, 17/34, 1/123456789 ∈Q ∈ Q. The set Q is included in sets R and C. Sets N, Z and D are included in the set Q (because all these numbers can be written in fraction). Intro to complex numbers. Learn what complex numbers are, and about their real and imaginary parts. In the real number system, there is no solution to the equation x 2 = − 1 . In this lesson, we will study a new number system in which the equation does have a solution. The backbone of this new number system is the number i , also known as the ...PROBLEM \(\PageIndex{2}\) Describe the properties of an electron associated with each of the following four quantum numbers: n, l, m l, and m s. Answer. n determines the general range for the value of energy and the probable distances that the electron can be from the nucleus.l determines the shape of the orbital.m l determines the orientation of the orbitals …A z-score in Excel can quickly be calculated using a basic formula. The formula for calculating a z-score is . z = (x-μ) / σ, where μ is the population mean and σ is the population standard deviation. Note: if you don’t know the population standard deviation or the sample size is below 6, you should use a t-score instead of a z-score.This gives the remaining 3 solutions which are the third roots of unity. Let z = reiθ z = r e i θ. Then we need r2ei2θ = re−iθ r 2 e i 2 θ = r e − i θ. We at least require that their magnitudes be the same, so r = 0 r = 0 or r = 1 r = 1. The first case r = 0 r = 0 gives us one answer: z = 0 z = 0.Absolute Value of a Complex Number. Absolute Value Rules. Absolutely Convergent. Acceleration. Accuracy. Acute Angle. Acute Triangle. Addition Rule. Additive Inverse of a Matrix. Additive Inverse of a Number. Additive Property of Equality. Adjacent. Adjacent Angles. Adjoint, Classical. Adjugate. Affine Transformation. Aleph Null (א‎ 0 ...Standard Score. The standard score (more commonly referred to as a z-score) is a very useful statistic because it (a) allows us to calculate the probability of a score occurring within our normal distribution and (b) enables us to compare two scores that are from different normal distributions. The standard score does this by converting (in ...The letters R, Q, N, and Z refers to a set of numbers such that: R = real numbers includes all real number [-inf, inf] Q= rational numbers ( numbers written as ratio)May 9, 2014 · There is no formal proof: it's a definition. Looking at z = x + yi z = x + y i and doing. zz∗ = (x + yi)(x − yi) = x2 +y2 z z ∗ = ( x + y i) ( x − y i) = x 2 + y 2. shows that, when we interpret a complex number as a point in the Argand-Gauss plane, |z| | z | represents the distance of the point from the origin. Share. Cite. Q is the set of rational numbers, ie. represented by a fraction a/b with a belonging to Z and b belonging to Z * (excluding division by 0). Example: 1/3, -4/1, 17/34, 1/123456789 ∈Q ∈ Q. The set Q is included in sets R and C. Sets N, Z and D are included in the set Q (because all these numbers can be written in fraction). 5 Mar 2021 ... The notion of a Z-number introduced by Zadeh [15] is described by a fuzzy number and its reliability measure to strengthen the reliability of ...Only 18% of Gen Z teens (ages 15 to 17) were employed in 2018, compared with 27% of Millennial teens in 2002 and 41% of Gen Xers in 1986. And among young adults ages 18 to 22, while 62% of Gen Zers were employed in 2018, higher shares of Millennials (71%) and Gen Xers (79%) were working when they were a comparable age.A z-score measures the distance between an observation and the mean, measured in units of standard deviation. In other words, z-score is the number of standard deviations there are between a given value and the mean of the data set. If a z-score is zero, then the data point's score is identical to the mean. They can be positive, negative, or zero. All rational numbers are real, but the converse is not true. Irrational numbers: Real numbers that are not rational. Imaginary numbers: Numbers that equal the product of a real number and the square root of −1. The number 0 is both real and purely imaginary.Oct 17, 2022 · ^ : start of string [ : beginning of character group a-z : any lowercase letter A-Z : any uppercase letter 0-9 : any digit _ : underscore ] : end of character group * : zero or more of the given characters $ : end of string If you don't want to allow empty strings, use + instead of *. z is the standard score or Z-score, x is the raw score to be standardized, μ is the mean of the population, σ is the standard deviation of the population. Z-Score Calculation Example. The mean of a dataset is 20 and the standard deviation is 7. Find the z-score for a value of 6. x = 6, μ = 20, σ = 7. z = (6 - 20) / 7. z = -14 / 7 = -2. z = -2The set of all α ∈ R, for which w = 1 − z 1 + (1 − 8 α) z is a purely imaginary number, for all z ∈ C satisfying ∣ z ∣ = 1 and R e z = 1, is Medium View solutionJun 24, 2021 · Replied on June 24, 2021. Report abuse. In reply to GroverParkGeorge's post on June 24, 2021. So the column below "Open" is what changed from being able to sort "smallest to largest" and "largest to smallest" As you can see it now only gives the option of sorting "A to Z" and "Z" to "A" . Note: This "Open" column only contains numbers no letters. In mathematics, a complex logarithm is a generalization of the natural logarithm to nonzero complex numbers. The term refers to one of the following, which are strongly related: A complex logarithm of a nonzero complex number. z {\displaystyle z} , defined to be any complex number. w {\displaystyle w} for which. e w = z {\displaystyle e^ {w}=z}Below are all alphabets and their meanings. The importance of the Alphabet Numbers or a to z numbers varies from one to another. Each numeric letter has a ...A complex function f(z) is differentiable at a point z0 ∈ C if and only if the following limit difference quotient exists. f ′ (z0) = lim z → z0f(z) − f(z0) z − z0. f ′ (z0) = lim Δz → 0f(z0 + Δz) − f(z0) Δz. We often drop the subscript on z0 and introduce the number Δw = f(z + Δz) − f(z). which denotes the change in the ...A Gen Z TikToker’s shared tips on how to spot a millennial at the club. Shutterstock. Gen Z is also trolling millennials for dancing with their hands up, which is …Mathematics Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for people studying math at any level and professionals in related fields. It only takes a minute to sign up.The above types of numbers can be split up into discrete or continuous numbers. The first four of the above ( N, W, Z and Q) are referred to as discrete. This means that they are separate and distinct entities. In fact each of these sets is countable.The last set, ( R ), cannot be counted. This is because they are continuous. A to Z of Math Is Fun Note: this is not a full list of the site (the list would be too big), so it is always worth trying the search above, or the Index. A. Acute Angles. Add Two Numbers and the Answer is Always 1089. Adding Fractions. Addition Worksheets. Algebra Index. Alien Mask From Coordinates. Angles Around a Point Add to 360Inverse Z table: Calculates the Z score based on the less than or greater than probabilities. α - contains the probability. Z α - the Z-value where p (x ≤ Z α) = α, critical value of the left-tailed test. Z 1-α - the Z-value where p (x ≥ Z 1-α) = α, critical value of the right-tailed test. Z α/2 - the Z-value where p (x ≤ Z α/2 ...If z 1 , z 2 , z 3 be the complex numbers such that z 1 + z 2 + z 3 = 0 and ∣ z 1 ∣ = ∣ z 2 ∣ = ∣ z 3 ∣ = 1 , then z 1 1 + z 2 1 + z 3 1 = 0a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z. The remaining twenty-one letters are ...The Z-Score has been calculated for the first value. It is 0.15945 standard deviations below the mean. To check the results, you can multiply the standard deviation by this result (6.271629 * -0.15945) and …Group axioms. It is a straightforward exercise to show that, under multiplication, the set of congruence classes modulo n that are coprime to n satisfy the axioms for an abelian group.. Indeed, a is coprime to n if and only if gcd(a, n) = 1.Integers in the same congruence class a ≡ b (mod n) satisfy gcd(a, n) = gcd(b, n), hence one is coprime to n if and only if the other is.

A to Z of Math Is Fun Note: this is not a full list of the site (the list would be too big), so it is always worth trying the search above, or the Index. A. Acute Angles. Add Two Numbers and the Answer is Always 1089. Adding Fractions. Addition Worksheets. Algebra Index. Alien Mask From Coordinates. Angles Around a Point Add to 360. Big 12 network espn

what is a to z in numbers

A blackboard bold Z, often used to denote the set of all integers (see ℤ) An integer is the number zero ( 0 ), a positive natural number ( 1, 2, 3, etc.) or a negative integer with a minus sign ( −1, −2, −3, etc.). [1] The negative numbers are the additive inverses of the corresponding positive numbers. [2]Jan 10, 2023 · The letter “Z” is used to represent the set of all complex numbers that have a zero imaginary component, meaning their imaginary part (bi) is equal to zero. This means that these complex numbers are actually just real numbers, and can be written as a + 0i, or simply a. An example of a complex number in this set is 2 + 0i, which can also be ... Retirees (Hourly & Salaried): If you do not have a Userid, have forgotten your Userid/CDS ID or need to reset your Password, please click hereTo create a numeration AA, AB, AC, etc., follow the next steps: 1. Create a field to show the numeration from A to Z repeatedly: 1.1. Add a new field in your document by clicking Ctrl+F9 . This displays the special brackets with a gray highlight for entering a field name: 1.2.If p, m and n are prime numbers none of which is equal to the other two what is the greatest common factor of 2 4 p m 2 n 2, 9 p m n 2 a n d 3 6 p (m n) 3? Easy View solutionAnswer: A complex number is defined as the addition of a real number and an imaginary number. It is represented as “z” and is in the form of (a + ib), where a and …We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.Complex numbers consist of real numbers and imaginary numbers. Hence, unlike integers, it is difficult to find the absolute value for them. Suppose, x+iy is the given complex number. z = x+iy. The absolute value of z will be; |z|= √[Re(z) 2 +Im(z) 2] |z| = √(x 2 +y 2) Where x and y are the real numbers. Absolute Value in Number LineThere is no formal proof: it's a definition. Looking at z = x + yi z = x + y i and doing. zz∗ = (x + yi)(x − yi) = x2 +y2 z z ∗ = ( x + y i) ( x − y i) = x 2 + y 2. shows that, when we interpret a complex number as a point in the Argand-Gauss plane, |z| | z | represents the distance of the point from the origin. Share. Cite.1. Use the following format to find a z-score: z = X - μ / σ. This formula allows you to calculate a z-score for any data point in your sample. [19] Remember, a z-score is a measure of how many standard deviations a data point is away from the mean. In the formula X represents the figure you want to examine.Answer: A complex number is defined as the addition of a real number and an imaginary number. It is represented as “z” and is in the form of (a + ib), where a and b are real numbers and i is an imaginary unit whose value is √ (-1). The real part of the complex number is represented as Re (z), and its imaginary part is represented as Im (z).where S is the projected area of a unit cell and Z i is the atomic number of the ith atom within the unit cell. As shown in Table 1, the parameter n is calculated under three evaluation conditions ....

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